Verses 4-6 of Psalm 121:
St Augustine interprets this verse allegorically, as a reference to wisdom:
"...If therefore heaven be the seat of God, and the Apostles are heaven; they themselves have become the seat of God, the throne of God. It is said in another passage: The soul of the righteous is the throne of wisdom. A great truth, a great truth, is declared; the throne of wisdom is the soul of the righteous; that is, wisdom sits in the soul of the righteous as it were in her chair, in her throne, and thence judges whatsoever she judges... And who are the seats? They of whom it is said, The soul of the righteous is the seat of wisdom. Who are the seats? The heavens. Who are the heavens? Heaven. What is heaven? That of which the Lord says, Heaven is My seat. Isaiah 66:1 The righteous then themselves are the seats; and have seats; and seats shall be seated in that Jerusalem. For what purpose? For judgment."
What does it mean to be the city of peace? Pope Benedict XVI commented:
We now come to the final invocation (cf. v. 6-9). It is marked throughout by the Jewish word shalom, "peace", traditionally considered to be the etymological root of Jerushalajim, theHoly City
4
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V
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Illuc enim ascendérunt tribus, tribus Dómini: *
testimónium Israël ad confiténdum nómini Dómini.
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NV
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Illuc enim ascenderunt tribus, tribus Domini, testimonium
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JH
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quia ibi ascenderunt tribus, tribus Domini, testimonium Israhel, ad confitendum nomini Domini.
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Sept.
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ἐκεῖ γὰρ ἀνέβησαν αἱ φυλαί φυλαὶ κυρίου μαρτύριον τῷ Ισραηλ τοῦ ἐξομολογήσασθαι τῷ ὀνόματι κυρίου |
Text notes: Literally this verse is ‘For to that place
(Illuc enim i.e., to Jerusalem ) went up (ascenderunt)
the tribes (tribus), the tribes of the Lord (tribus Domini): [it is] a law
(testimonium) for Israel Jerusalem refers to the requirement for all males to go to
Jerusalem
illuc, adv. thither, to that place; there, in that
place.
ascendo, scendi, scensum, ere 3 to go up, ascend.
tribus,
us, a division of the
people, a tribe; the twelve tribes of Israel
testimonium, ii n. witness, testimony; the Law; mostly pi., precepts,
commandments, ordinances, statutes,
judgments, testimonies.
confiteor,
fessus sum, eri 2 to praise, give thanks; to confess,
acknowledge one's guilt.
nomen, inis, n. name.
DR
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For thither did
the tribes go up, the tribes of the Lord: the testimony of
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MD
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Whither the
tribes go up, the tribes of the Lord; it is a law for
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Brenton
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For thither the
tribes went up, the tribes of the Lord, as a testimony for
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Cover
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For thither the
tribes go up, even the tribes of the Lord, to testify unto
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Grail
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It is there that
the tribes go up, the tribes of the Lord. For
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5
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V
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Quia illic sedérunt sedes in judício, * sedes super
domum david.
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NV
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Quia illic sederunt sedes ad iudicium, sedes domus David.
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JH
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Quia ibi sederunt sedes in iudicio, sedes domui Dauid.
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Septuagint
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ὅτι ἐκεῖ ἐκάθισαν θρόνοι εἰς κρίσιν θρόνοι ἐπὶ οἶκον Δαυιδ |
Text notes:
Sedes here means seats or thrones, the inheritance of David’s descendants and
the place where difficult cases could be appealed. The twentieth century commentaries often suggest that
‘super’ reflects a translation error in the Septuagint, and the neo-Vulgate
corrects it to ‘the seats of the house of David’. I’m not entirely convinced that it is an
error however – if one sees it as a reference to Christ, he does indeed sit
over the top of the Davidic Kings, linking up nicely with the New Testament
discussion of Psalm 110 on the lack of subordination of the Messiah to David,
and foreshadowing the last Judgment.
quia, conj. for, because, that.
illic, adv.
Of place: there, in that place; Of time: then
sedeo,
sedi, sessum, ere 2, to
sit; rest; dwell, live; to sit with,
hold converse with, consult; to
sit on a throne, to rule, reign
sedes,
is, a seat, throne. a judge or king
judicium, ii, n. judgment; law, commandment; the power, or faculty
of judging wisely; justice; cause.
super, prep, with ace. And abl on, upon, over
domus, us, a house,
structure Domus David, the
house of David, the Davidic dynasty.
DR
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Because their
seats have sat in judgment, seats upon the house of David
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MD
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For there stand
the seats of judgment, the seats of the house of David.
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Brenton
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For there are
set thrones for judgment, even thrones for the house of David.
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Cover
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For there is the
seat of judgment, even the seat of the house of David.
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Grail
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There were set
the thrones of judgment of the house of David.
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St Augustine interprets this verse allegorically, as a reference to wisdom:
"...If therefore heaven be the seat of God, and the Apostles are heaven; they themselves have become the seat of God, the throne of God. It is said in another passage: The soul of the righteous is the throne of wisdom. A great truth, a great truth, is declared; the throne of wisdom is the soul of the righteous; that is, wisdom sits in the soul of the righteous as it were in her chair, in her throne, and thence judges whatsoever she judges... And who are the seats? They of whom it is said, The soul of the righteous is the seat of wisdom. Who are the seats? The heavens. Who are the heavens? Heaven. What is heaven? That of which the Lord says, Heaven is My seat. Isaiah 66:1 The righteous then themselves are the seats; and have seats; and seats shall be seated in that Jerusalem. For what purpose? For judgment."
6
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V
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Rogáte quæ ad pacem sunt Jerúsalem: * et abundántia
diligéntibus te:
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NV
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Rogate, quae ad pacem sunt Ierusalem: “ Securi sint diligentes te!
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JH
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Rogate pacem Hierusalem: sit bene his qui diligunt te.
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Sept.
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ἐρωτήσατε δὴ τὰ εἰς εἰρήνην τὴν Ιερουσαλημ καὶ εὐθηνία τοῖς ἀγαπῶσίν σε |
Text notes: The
Neo-Vulgate removes the possible ambiguity in the second phrase, aligning it
with the Hebrew to say ‘may there be abundance for those who love you’.
rogo, avi, atum, are, to entreat, ask, pray.
pax, pacis, peace,
blessings, prosperity, etc
abundantia, ae, /. greatness,
abundance; prosperity, abundance.
diligo, lexi, lectum, ere 3
to love; to flatter, make pretence of loving.
DR
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Pray for the
things that are for the peace of
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MD
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Pray now for
peace upon
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Brenton
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Pray now for the
peace of
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Cover
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O pray for the
peace of
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Grail
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For the peace of
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What does it mean to be the city of peace? Pope Benedict XVI commented:
We now come to the final invocation (cf. v. 6-9). It is marked throughout by the Jewish word shalom, "peace", traditionally considered to be the etymological root of Jerushalajim, the
Psalm
121: Laetatus sum
Vulgate
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Douay-Rheims
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Canticum graduum.
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1 Lætátus sum in his, quæ dicta sunt
mihi: * In domum Dómini íbimus.
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I rejoiced at
the things that were said to me: We shall go into the house of the Lord.
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2 Stantes
erant pedes nostri, * in átriis tuis, Jerúsalem.
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2 Our feet
were standing in your courts, O Jerusalem.
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3
Jerúsalem, quæ ædificátur ut cívitas: * cujus participátio ejus in idípsum.
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3
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4 Illuc
enim ascendérunt tribus, tribus Dómini: * testimónium Israël ad confiténdum
nómini Dómini.
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4 For
thither did the tribes go up, the tribes of the Lord: the testimony of
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5 Quia
illic sedérunt sedes in judício, * sedes super domum David.
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5 Because
their seats have sat in judgment, seats upon the house of David.
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6 Rogáte
quæ ad pacem sunt Jerúsalem: * et abundántia diligéntibus te:
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6 Pray for the things that are for the
peace of
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7 Fiat pax
in virtúte tua: * et abundántia in túrribus tuis.
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7 Let peace
be in your strength: and abundance in your towers
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8 Propter
fratres meos, et próximos meos, * loquébar pacem de te:
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8 For the
sake of my brethren, and of my neighbours, I spoke peace of you.
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9 Propter
domum Dómini, Dei nostri, * quæsívi bona tibi.
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9 Because
of the house of the Lord our God, I have sought good things for you.
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